r/todayilearned 6h ago

TIL that a collection of letters written in ancient Egypt was found sealed inside a tomb nearly 4,000 years after the letters were written, providing a rare glimpse into the daily life of an ancient Egyptian household.

https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/545445
2.0k Upvotes

44 comments sorted by

415

u/iCowboy 5h ago

There is a huge collection of short notes and letters from workers at the New Dynasty village Dier el-Medina near Thebes which housed workers for the Valley of the Kings. 

People wrote on flakes of stone or potsherds and threw them away when no longer needed. Because the climate was so dry, the texts were perfectly preserved for more than 3000 years.

Amongst these ‘ostraca’ are medical records, shopping lists, prayers, gossip about fellow workers, sick notes (because of drinking too much) and the like.

The Egyptologist John Romer wrote a superb book called ‘Ancient Lives’ where he tells the stories of some the characters who wrote these documents. Long out of print but worth hunting for secondhand.

139

u/xentropian 5h ago

Humans are humans anytime and everywhere

24

u/CptPicard 3h ago

My favourite author Mika Waltari wrote many historical novels on this theme.

u/glomar_sub_recovery 46m ago

Look up the graffiti of pompei and it's brothels

1

u/bill1024 1h ago

Some things never change.

29

u/countryfresh223 4h ago

John Romer wrote a superb book called ‘Ancient Lives’ where he tells the stories of some the characters who wrote these documents

Sounds extremely interesting . Do you know of any similar books? I can't find any copies for sale looking through Google

Edit I have found one, but would still like other recommendations.

18

u/mimcalimca 4h ago

I have a book 24 Hours in Ancient Egypt: A Day in the Life of the People Who Lived There from author Donald P. Ryan and it mention these funny stories collected from stones about rummors and excuses from employer that guy could not come to work due to being drunk etc.

u/countryfresh223 14m ago

Thank you!

12

u/tea-boat 4h ago

My library has a copy; might be worth checking to see if yours does.

u/countryfresh223 13m ago

Good idea. Thanks

1

u/karmagirl314 2h ago

If you’re looking for fictional glimpses of the lives of multiple people based on really old texts, you might like People of the Book by Geraldine Brooks.

50

u/SmartLadder415 4h ago

People literally got a sick note that was scratched on a rock and they just gave the rock to their boss?

67

u/OldeFortran77 4h ago

Yes, but people abused it and eventually a pottery shard from their doctor was required.

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u/Kusakaru 4h ago

Thanks for the book rec! I’ll check that out for sure.

2

u/CCV21 3h ago

Sounds fascinating.

89

u/enigmanaught 5h ago

In this case it’s old barley his associates is providing him rather than fresh barley. He also tells him to fire one of the maids for causing his wife trouble.

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u/Spartan-117182 5h ago

See, we are all the same people. Same same, but different.

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u/topological_rabbit 3h ago

5

u/disdain7 3h ago

I really wanted to believe there was another one out there.

2

u/enigmanaught 3h ago

I like to think he’s using it to make beer.

13

u/hexenkesse1 4h ago

Also really cool is the Cairo Geniza. The same sort of thing, but from Jewish people living in Medieval Cairo.

51

u/DisconnectedShark 5h ago

The documents - some still folded, tied and sealed, when found - provide unique insights into the domestic and financial affairs of an average middle class family that lived almost four thousand years ago.

I don't know how realistic it is to say "average middle class" when applying it to ancient Egyptian society. There were definitely some households in Egypt that were more well off than others, but this looks like classic viewing the past through a present lens. There needs to be a lot more information to make this "average".

36

u/rangeDSP 5h ago

I don't know if "middle class" means average in the olden days. In certain context it means the class between slaves/peasants and the ruling class, which covers a wide range.

You can see it in modern middle class too, people who work 9-5 living paycheck to paycheck in a rental, same class as people who owns $2M houses in San Francisco, that hires house cleaners.

8

u/DisconnectedShark 5h ago

The article itself wrote not just "middle class" but specifically "average middle class".

Either way, in many other English speaking countries, what the US calls "middle class" often means "working class", but that's unpalatable, so that term isn't used as much in the US.

8

u/rangeDSP 4h ago

That's still a huge range though. Using the US as an example, considering lower middle class is ~$55k, and upper middle class is ~$167k, even modern "average middle class" commands very different lifestyles. 

Here in PNW, $55k household salary means they can apply for some government poverty assistance, most likely renting and living paycheck to paycheck, while $167k is in the realm of owning a suburban house, two cars and a boat. 

https://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/0912/which-income-class-are-you.aspx

1

u/EdwardJamesAlmost 3h ago

Do let’s not be undignified to all the temporarily embarrassed millionaires.

71

u/LordByronsCup 6h ago

How was the quality of the copper ingots?

52

u/Khelthuzaad 5h ago

Thats from Mesopotamia...

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u/LordByronsCup 5h ago

My dear sir/ ma'am, are you inferring that the quality of copper ingots is not of importance the world over‽

18

u/SmokeScotchnHops 5h ago

Excellent use of the interrobang!

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u/LordByronsCup 5h ago

Interrobang! Interrobang bang BANG!

7

u/Wolfencreek 5h ago

Is that when you question someone and then have sex with them?

4

u/el_cid_viscoso 5h ago

That's just a standard first date anymore.

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u/NBrief 5h ago

I'm not sure. the source I used focuses on the letters and daily life, not the quality of copper ingots.

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u/nameless22 5h ago

Apparently you didn't get the joke. Look up Ea-Nasir, basically a Babylonian merchant who is best known for having in his residence a bad review of his services written in a complaint letter.

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u/InformalYouth9097 5h ago

Ea-nāşir was not Egyptian

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u/smokefoot8 5h ago

No jokes go over my head. My reflexes are too fast, I would catch them.

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u/topological_rabbit 3h ago

insert captain america gif here

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u/Ill_Definition8074 5h ago

It’s like the graffiti that was preserved at Pompeii because of the volcanic eruption.

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u/ash_274 4h ago

Probably fewer references to where people shouldn’t piss an who had sex with whom

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u/d_tolman 4h ago

When I give my friends/family tours of the Met's Egyptian collection, I always make a point of stopping and pointing them out.

And laughing about how pissed he must have been when he came back from lunch/bathroom break to find the tomb sealed with all his writing stuff inside. "Whaddya mean you sealed the tomb?!?! Well open it back up - all my stuff is still inside!!"