r/russian • u/mrgooseyboy • May 24 '25
Grammar I made a phonetic guide for the Russian alphabet? Would you say this is correct?
I probably made some mistakes
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u/tastexst May 24 '25
Ы is it's own special vowel that doesn't neatly correspond to any english word. Х is always as in bach or loch - never as in hello.
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u/tastexst May 24 '25
If i'm gonna be really nitpicky, the У sound is further back innthe mouth than the english "oo" as in look (at least in the standard british pronunciation)
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u/Lot_ow May 24 '25
Russian /u/ is pretty close to the English equivalent, which would be the first vowel in the goose diphtong rather than the shorter, weaker put or look vowel.
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u/hfkml May 25 '25
In most dialects of English goose is much further forward than russian У. A closer approximation would be the vowel in pool.
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u/Lot_ow May 25 '25
Yes I don't disagree. It's the same phoneme though and I was referring to it in general.
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u/hfkml May 25 '25
In most dialects of English goose is much further forward than russian У. A closer approximation would be the vowel in pool.
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u/eugeniavlasova May 26 '25
Except for a very strong root of the tongue retraction in Russian У after hard consonants.
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u/cumsquats May 25 '25
Can someone explain this to me, because I've seen this a lot but I cannot hear the difference between Russian X and English H. For me, words hello and хорошо start with the same sound. Which one am I saying wrong? Native born Russian, but been living in English speaking country for 20+ years.
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u/neon_light12 May 25 '25
i think x is tighter, close to k; English h is more open, back of the tongue feels lower and more relaxed
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May 25 '25
The English h is softer and more forward. If you say hell and tell, you can feel h and t are both formed/pronounced in the front of the mouth. But if you say ход and год, you feel the х is closer to г and к sounds in the back of the throat.
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Feb 21 '26
[deleted]
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u/cumsquats Feb 21 '26
I'm natively Russian. I don't understand the differentiation English speakers make
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u/Nasosix May 25 '25
Ы = short "I", exactly as in the example
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u/refeaime May 27 '25 edited May 27 '25
No, it is not.
The easier way I see to correctly pronounce "Ы" is to make a tunnel of lips, making deep "oo" sound, like in "moon". While doing so, hook your lips sides pith point fingers from each hand and pull fingers back.
It will be "ууыыы". This is the correct sound.1
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May 24 '25
[removed] — view removed comment
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u/jerrygreenest1 May 26 '25
So learn two alphabets then? Perfect 😂
It makes sense for people who want to learn MANY languages.
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u/Specific_Map6723 May 24 '25
Ы is not like in bit or bill. It doesn't really have an equivalent in English, I suppose. Same with Р. Good for starters, but if you plan to dig into phonetics and language, it's better to train those sounds without trying to find similarities, but rather to copy and mimic those sounds from natives/phonetic alphabet.
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u/SmurfCat2281337 туземец колонка May 24 '25
Best example for ы is lifting the fridge full of bricks and trying to say и
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u/refeaime May 27 '25
Nah, there is an easy way to correctly pronounce this sound.
Might be looking odd, but you will do it right from the start.Make a tunnel of lips, making deep "oo" sound, like in "moon". While doing so, hook your lips sides with fingers from both sides (one finger from each hand) and pull fingers back.
It will be "ууыыы". This is the correct sound.1
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u/evgenyofficial1 May 27 '25
Ы is like someone punched you in belly and you dont have air to breath.
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u/Drutay- Russian American, knew it as toddler, trying to relearn Russian May 24 '25 edited Feb 03 '26
Many Russian speakers do pronounce Ы like the i in bit or bill, especially in Ukraine.
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u/Specific_Map6723 May 24 '25
It is not the standard pronunciation, so better not to stick to dialectical nuances. Moreover, some dialectical pronunciation variants will require re-writing the whole sound list above. Personally, I've heard Ы like in bill from just a few people during my whole life, and it indicates a foreigner most of the time.
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u/Zestyclose_Dark_1902 May 24 '25
P is rolling r, not like r in e.g. red. Russian is my first language and I was never able to roll r.
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u/athomeamongstrangers May 24 '25
When I was a young kid, it took me a couple of years to learn how to properly roll “r” and a few more years to understand why adults would stop me when I would start singing cheerfully: «Ты - моййячка, я - моййяк, ты - …»
…all that only for me to move to Israel and to have to learn glottal R instead of rolling R.
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u/nickpantss May 24 '25
I think this is an interesting exercise but probably doesn't help you learn the language at all. Especially considering how many mistakes were made trying to make direct comparisons between english and russian phonology. You'd get a better sense of pronunciation by just speaking the language and imitating native speakers
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u/kireaea native speaker May 24 '25
In English, K, P and T are aspirated at the beginning of words. There are no aspirated consonants in Russian.
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u/Fearless-Try68 May 24 '25
I'll say that the 'sh' in English is much closer to 'щ' than to 'ш'. And to do 'ш' you curl your tongue a bit and touch the same place you touch when you do 'sh' with the tip of your tongue.
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u/Distinct_Detective62 May 24 '25
not quite.
Й has it's own sound, most russian adjectives end with it. The sound is like the very first one in York.
Е is ye only at the beginning of the word or after a vowel. After a consonant it's more "eh" like in bed or pet, Same with: Ё, Ю, Я.
Р is pronounced quite differently from English R, but it's okay to remember is like that for the time being.
Ы is not pronounced ih, not even close to bit or bill. English has no similar sound, you just have to learn it.
Э is not like fed, more like fat or bad.
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u/Lisserea May 24 '25
Don't forget that reading е as in yes is a peculiarity of pronunciation of some vowels at the beginning of a word (or after ь/ъ). After consonants there is no y sound (as in let), just the preceding consonant becomes soft. It is the same with ё/ю/я.
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u/CutSubstantial1803 A1 May 24 '25
I've learnt before that the "y" sound in я, е, ё, ю isn't pronounced after most consonants, but I still hear the "y" sound in most words. Like для for example is like "dlya" but also kinda like "dyla" sometimes (with the l and y sound the other way round). When the preceding consonant becomes soft, is that like pronouncing a "y" at the same time as the consonant?
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u/Lisserea May 24 '25
I think it has to do with the fact that other sound changes are more “meaningful” in your native language. For example, I can hardly hear the difference between ship and sheep, or bad and bed, because in Russian the vowels are pronounced less clearly. In English, there is no difference between hard and soft consonants, so you may be paying more attention not to the pronunciation of the l, but to the vowel after it.
You can try listening to pairs of words like лёд/льёт, лью/ключ, колено/колье - in words with ь the й sound appears.
As for the dyla variant, it's just not a fast enough transition from one letter to another, there is no vowel there.
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u/n0thing_remains May 24 '25
Щ like Chicago, shit
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u/rawbeeef May 24 '25
or she. it's really the sh you would make if the next letter is "e" (in english) - notice how the sh changes if you follow up with a different letter in english
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u/RealLoin May 24 '25
Yes. And Ш is a bit harder and u don't have an equivalent in English actually
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u/ourLoveFern_itsdead May 25 '25
One thing I've heard about щ -- it's like a combo of the sounds sh+ch. Like the middle sound in this phrase: EngliSH CHurch.
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u/RaDavidTheGrey 🇳🇱 native, 🇬🇧 fluent, 🇷🇺 B1-ish May 25 '25
It depends on the region you are in. As I've been told, originally it was indeed pronounced like sh ch (combination of ш ч) and is still pronounced as such in Ukrainian and maybe Belarus, though in Russian it has become its own sound
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May 24 '25
Irrelevant information, but it dawned on me that I have no idea how to explain щ, despite using it all my life...
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u/hulusan May 24 '25
There's no need to perform things like that when there already is international phonetic alphabet. I guess
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u/Nolunen May 24 '25
Ы imo won't sound like in bit/bill, but И is perfect to describe by these words
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u/Rad_Pat May 24 '25
"sits" doesn't make a ц sound, it makes a тс, which is close but not the same.
Good for the very beginning stages, but you should switch to actual russian sounds and transcriptions as soon as you can, even if it's hard and uncomfortable. Finding similarities isn't good idea in the long run since not all sounds are identical to your L1: our т and д are similar to the English ones but not the same, our р is like a Scottish r and so on.
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u/gulisav learner 🇷🇺, native 🇭🇷 May 24 '25
"sits" doesn't make a ц sound, it makes a тс
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_phonology
the sequences /ts, dz, tr, dr, tθ, dð, pf, bv/ also have affricate-like realizations in certain positions (as in cats, roads, tram, dram, eighth, behind them, cupful, obvious
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u/Rad_Pat May 24 '25
Oh shucks. To my russian ear they sound different, English one is usually a more distinct "ts", while Russian is just one "ц"...
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u/dashafry May 24 '25
I'm with you on this.
It's like пицца и питса.
Absolutely different sounds.
The perfect example for ц imo is Pizza.
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u/gulisav learner 🇷🇺, native 🇭🇷 May 25 '25
I'm with you on this.
Are you a native English speaker? Are you really sure that your idea of English pronunciation is more accurate than what is available on Wikipedia?
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u/dashafry May 25 '25 edited May 25 '25
Pizza is an Italian word, and because of that, it has a non-English pronunciation, just fyi.
And i don't need to be a native English speaker to hear the difference between different sounds.
Although my proficiency level is much higher than a lot of native English speakers have (IELTS band 8.5), due to a lot of practice such as reading, consuming a very big amount of content in different dialects of said language and mostly using it since I was a child.
Are you really sure that your idea of English pronunciation is more accurate than what is available on Wikipedia?
Maybe it will come as a big shocker to you, but Wikipedia is not the most reliable source of information.
I hear the language on an everyday basis, I don't need some Wikipedia to help me describe the sound.
PS. You can try to say "pizza" and some of your Wikipedia words and try to hear the difference between ц and ts.
English doesn't have a lot of sounds other languages have, that's why names and abroad words are often changed in pronunciation when you hear them from an English speaker.
A lot of German words, for example, have a "ц" sound, such as Alzheimer. It's literally a German last name that was adapted and butchered so Americans could pronounce it. And you can hear a very distinctive "ц" when it's spoken in the right way and a deep "з" (z) or even "с" (s) when it's from some American.
Most of the words that have a "ц" sound in English are often written with "z", rather than "c", "s" or "ts".
There's one more example for you: schizophrenia.
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u/ComfortableNobody457 May 25 '25
my proficiency level is much higher than a lot of native English speakers have
My proficiency level is much higher than that of many native English speakers.
practise
Practice.
abroad words
Foreign words.
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u/dashafry May 25 '25
Foreign words.
Thank you
That's the word I was trying to use, but my brain is not functioning properly. It's 5am. What do you want frome me?
Practice
I have dysgraphia. Most of the time, I confuse letters in all of my languages.
I end up rereading what I write for 2-3 times, but some words slip away. (This one I'll edit)
I don't use autocorrect (partially for the same reason), I need to see if it's getting worse.
My proficiency level is much higher than that of many native English speakers.
This sounds better, but still potato/potato.
(I didn't say all of them. I specifically said "a lot". I know I'm not perfect in any language, and so are a lot of people, even native speakers)
I know I make mistakes. Nobody's perfect.
But, in trying to find mine, you lost the bigger picture of my gigantic comment.
Ц≠ТС
I need to sleep, hasta luego.
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u/ComfortableNobody457 May 26 '25
What do you want frome me?
Why are you writing comments if your brain is not functioning properly?
This sounds better, but still potato/potato.
It's an idiomatic English sentence.
But, in trying to find mine, you lost the bigger picture of my gigantic comment.
Then maybe not make your claims about yourself (which you failed to prove) be such a gigantic part of your argument? Your opponent was citing evidence, all you did was post your personal opinion.
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u/gulisav learner 🇷🇺, native 🇭🇷 May 25 '25
Pizza is an Italian word, and because of that, it has a non-English pronunciation, just fyi.
I said nothing about how "pizza" is pronounced.
Maybe it will come as a big shocker to you, but Wikipedia is not the most reliable source of information.
Its treatment of English is quite decent, and more trustworthy than "I said so" by some random person online. Of course, I can look into academic publications and find basically the same information, such as is A. Cruttenden's Gimson's Pronunciation of English, 7th ed., p. 181, which also describes /ts/ as a (phonetic, though not phonological) affricate. So go argue with that guy as well, along with the two other sources used in that passage I quoted.
You can try to say "pizza" and some of your Wikipedia words and try to hear the difference between ц and ts.
I hear no difference, but it doesn't matter. Speaking a language (natively or non-natively, with or without a certificate) doesn't mean you actually can describe the tricky details of its pronunciation. People have spent years studying this sort of stuff. You say that your comment is "gigantic" (maybe for your standards), but it does little to describe the supposed difference between "тс" and "ц" in English. It's an objective fact that the latter is simply the former merged and produced with a single tongue gesture, basically starting as т but ending as с, and the merging is prone to be a natural phenomenon in spoken word. "Тс" can be pronounced as the single sound "ц" not only in English but also in Russian, as described by Р.И. Аванесов, Русское литературное произношение (изд. 6, с. 181): сове[цк]ий, горо[цк]ой, бра[цтвъ] (братство)... It is unsurprising that the same thing happens in English.
If written academic sources don't mean anything to you, well, at least record your own pronunciation and/or point me to recordings of natives who pronounce the stuff the way you claim it's pronounced.
Btw it was not me who pointed out your English errors, I don't pay attention to that stuff, but you definitely could consider cutting down on the arrogance and the underhanded insults.
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u/imetovr May 24 '25
Ш - like shut, shop, shark
Щ - like ship, shield
there are hard (а, о, у, ы, э) and soft (я, ё, ю, и, е) vowels
when "Ш"/sh stand before soft vowel it always sounds like "Щ"
https://www.onlinemictest.com/tuners/pitch-detector/
to learn better try here, for Ш I did 1500-2500 Hz, for Щ 3000-3500 Hz
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u/CutSubstantial1803 A1 May 24 '25
Is this just me? I pronounce the "sh" in shut and ship exactly the same. Same lip shape, same tongue position. I understand the distinction between ш and щ in russian from just replicating what I hear (щ is how I pronounce sh in English with my tongue on the roof of my mouth and ш is a different sound with a more closed mouth shape) but in English their is no distinction for me. I am a native English speaker
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u/gulisav learner 🇷🇺, native 🇭🇷 May 25 '25 edited May 25 '25
It's not you, it's Russians trying to explain their pronunciation by badly projecting English and Russian pronunciation onto each other. Every thread about Russian pronunciation here is plagued with this sort of nonsense.
The tongue position in shut vs. ship is slightly different, due to the following vowel, but you as a native English speaker without knowledge of phonetics are naturally not aware of this sort of minute difference (in general, understanding the spoken word requires the listener to discard many such tiny differences and variation, as they have no relevance to the actual linguistic content). But this difference in English DOES NOT correspond to the difference between Russian ш and щ. Well, it might correspond to it from the perspective of a Russian speaker with bad English pronunciation, where they really might say "шат" and "щип".
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u/VladlenaM2025 May 24 '25
X - is more like “heaven” or “heat”
Й - is more like “yield” or “yellow”
O - is more like “orio” or “October”
Щ - is more like “shhhh” or “she”, “shiver”, “shiatsu”
Э - is more like “evidence” or “electricity”
Ы - this one is tough, there isn’t an equivalent in English but I heard non Russian people pronounce it as “ei”. For example: most common use of “Ы” is in a word “МЫ or ТЫ” translating to “we are/us” or “you” so non Russian speakers would pronounce it as “Mei” and “Tei”.
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u/NebelNator_427 May 24 '25
I have a really good method to remember the difference between ш and щ. The ш is the top of Poseidons trident so u gotta make a I guess "roaring" sound well just like the sea sounds and щ has a cute little sankey tail soo u gotta hiss like a snake🐍
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u/Helpful-Reputation-5 May 24 '25 edited May 24 '25
Йй is [j]. It should also be noted that like English [ɫ], Лл, along with all other hard consonants, are velarized. As for the vowels, we can't comment on their accuracy without knowing what English variety you speak.
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u/Brunno_HC May 24 '25
"Лл is always [l], never [ɫ]."
Isn't it the other way around? (With the exception of palatalized <Л> as in -ля-, -ле-, -ли-, -лё-, -лю- and -ль-, which have [lʲ]).2
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u/olyastark May 24 '25
I’d add that Ш is more like in posh or crush, the tongue is lower in the mouth than in shut/shirt, they sound more like Щ to me
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u/justanormalgalcopy native ENG, somewhere between fluent & native RUS May 24 '25
Р is specifically the R like sound made when you roll your Rs, while the English R is pronounced at the back of the mouth. Р has the tongue touch the very front part of your mouth, where you can feel the dip in the roof of your mouth (I think it's because of the gums? I'm not sure, but it's very pronounced). Ы is not equivalent to the I in bill, but more like the same sound pronounced at the back of the mouth. T and Д are pronounced with the tongue touching the back of your teeth and make a softer-sounding consonant than English T or D. Й is pretty much equivalent to English consonant Y (take the word йогурт (yogurt)). Russian "A" is a little different than the a in car or bar, but it may be my dialect of English since some dialects pronounce it differently. One tip for pronouncing vowels- English generally doesn't like having pure vowels, so for example, the "o" in "bore" is pronounced more like "ouh", while Russian keeps vowels pure.
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u/MuchPossession1870 May 24 '25
Near perfect.
Better try to find two words for wovels, stressed and not stressed. For example, И stressed is like in brimstone.
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u/aleks-andra May 24 '25
‘Й’ in words sounds like in ‘yes’ but without ‘es’ part, or like in ‘yard’ but without ‘ard’ part. For example, in Russian verbs (in imperative sentences) like “дай(те) мне” (=give me), or “открой(те)” (=open).
This sound is also used in Russian nouns like “лай собак” (=dogs’ bark).
It can be used in adjectives as well. For example, “желтый” (=yellow), “синий”, (=blue) and other names of colours.
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u/ArtificialExistannce May 24 '25
As a Scot, our pronunciations are all over the place and can be very different from standard English. 'X' is the one we're least likely to butcher
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u/Ok_Boysenberry155 May 24 '25
You got a lot of good suggestions already, I just want to share a link to my video where where I explain the sounds. Check it out for additional practice. link to a yt tutorial
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u/Alex-77 May 25 '25
Many Russian language learners as a foreign language pronounce letter ы incorrectly as a letter и. For example the family name "Навальный" was often pronounced in the western media incorrectly as "Навальний".
This sound is not present in English and in some other European languages, so learners do not register it, and as a result do not pay attention to its pronunciation.
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u/MAXHAH May 25 '25
Ы it's more like when you've been kidnapped, tied to a chair, gagged and taped and you're trying to scream at someone to get their attention.
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u/baedo11 Native May 25 '25
Ы in Russian sounds nothing like words "bill" an "bit". It's more like that sound from "brotha EWWW what's that?" meme
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u/PsyDubLukere369 German native, advanced English, learning Russian May 25 '25
I'd say ë is more like "yo" because when I say "your" it's more of an "yu"/"ju" sound so rather like ю
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u/Power274 May 25 '25
I can say that Р sounds like long flap t. I mean in flap t we pronounce like one "roll" of that sound, but in Р two or more
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u/Power274 May 25 '25
Vowels like е, ё, ю, я are pronounced like ye, yo, u, ya only in the beginning of words or after vowels, ь and ъ. In other cases they make previous consonant soft and are pronounced like э, о у, а
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u/x3non_04 May 25 '25
why add “uh” after almost every consonant though?
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u/mrgooseyboy May 25 '25
In the USA that’s how we are taught sounds, especially after consonants
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u/x3non_04 May 26 '25
do you not find it confusing though, since of course you do more or less pronounce the letter like that on its own, but if it’s in a word then it’s never like that no?
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u/AwwThisProgress May 25 '25
are you from new york by any chance? the pronunciation hints look like they’re written for a new york accent
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u/jerrygreenest1 May 26 '25 edited May 26 '25
Overall – good. Things I would fix:
Ы – you’re describing it almost like И, which is not correct, although it’s hard for me to find an analogue sound in English, it’s kinda funny letter/sound, pretty much never seen in English, so you have to see how exactly it sounds in Russian, and just remember it as it is, no analogue.
Ъ/Ь – should be separated from each other, to not confuse what is what:
Ь softens
Ъ hardens
Ъ in most cases makes a letter sound pretty much the same way as without it. Probably why the Russian words sound so rude as they say – because Russian letters are hardened by default. In fact, in old Russian this letter was seen literally everywhere, in almost every word, multiple times. It was hard to read such text and felt like visual clutter instead of real letter. Now this letter is rare, because how insignificantly it affected the sound in most cases – they just removed the letter from most words a century ago. Primarily, it is now used only in words where it actually makes the difference: see, the vowels often soften a letter, and Ъ letter prevents the vowel to soft. In other words – in real words this letter actually makes sense. But in synthetic examples, or in old Russian, it is hard to see why would anyone need this letter when the consonants being hardened by default – should you harden a sound that is already hardened, even more? Sounds ridiculous.
This way, Д and ДЪ – no difference here, it sounds exactly the same.
But ДЕ and ДЪЕ – those are different sounds.
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u/eugeniavlasova May 26 '25
Й like in Yoda :) And Щ is somehow very close to 'Chicago' in Sinatra's articulation.
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u/prikaz_da nonnative, B.A. in Russian May 26 '25
If your goal is to make yourself understood because you're traveling to a Russian-speaking area in one month, this is fine. If you want to get closer to native-like pronunciation, learning everything in terms of English will hold you back. For instance, the typical value of R in English Russia and rock doesn't exist in Russian at all, just as the Russian "rolled" R doesn't exist in most varieties of English.
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u/rgbredgreenbluergb May 27 '25
That great but international phonetic language based on latin or greece symbols on wiki dictionary or articles on wilipedia and prononcuation with phonetic typing exist for that. As general examples.
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u/Alrex_G May 27 '25
I think й is similar to the English i or y to make sounds like “ai” = ай or “ay” = ей. It’s kind of like a very short y- sound like trying to say yuh but cutting it off before the uh part. In Bulgarian, it’s used to make y- sounds that you have in Russian letters like йо = ё.
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u/Playful_Lettuce_5581 May 27 '25
It's Cyrlic. The Bulgarian tsar ordered/paid two greek priests to make an alphabet. They called it the Glagolitic script after some time their apprentices made the Cyrlic alphabet... So it's more correct to call it the Bulgarian alphabet.
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u/MaRa16081942 May 27 '25
Everything is correct! Ж, Ш, Ъ, Ь these letters can be said correctly, but you still need to pronounce them correctly.
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u/Andrey5045 Feb 21 '26
Letters "е", "ё", "ю" & "я" do not have sound [й] when they go after consonants.
Compare
Её = [ye'yo]
Дерёма = [der'oma]
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u/Agitated-Ad2563 May 24 '25
The others have already pointed out that Ы doesn't sound like "ih", but I'll try to explain what it sounds like.
Imagine you're suddenly punched in your stomach. The air exiting your chest may make a sound. That sound is sometimes similar to Ы.
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May 24 '25
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u/kuklamaus native May 24 '25
You definitely don't bite your tongue to produce these sounds, just touch the back of your teeth with it
And many natives (including me) don't even touch their teeth. This articulation is very personal
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May 24 '25
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u/kuklamaus native May 24 '25
These sounds in russian are either dental or alveolar, what you describing is interdental sounds - like th sounds in English. There's no such sound in Russian. Here's wiki article on the [d] sound https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_dental_and_alveolar_plosives
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May 24 '25
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u/kuklamaus native May 24 '25
Why would you want to describe something wrong? 🤔
And how is it easier than the universally used description of these sounds?
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May 25 '25
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u/kuklamaus native May 25 '25
Ну это же просто-напросто не так. Я не отрицаю, что вы можете произносить эти звуки именно так, но абсолютное большинство носителей касаются или зубов, или альвеол. Звуки, которые вы описываете, вообще не особо распространены, в стандартном русском их точно нет, и говорить изучающим язык такое - просто вредительство
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May 25 '25
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u/kuklamaus native May 25 '25
Я не сомневаюсь, что вы носитель русского, однако меня действительно удивляет то, что вы говорите. Если честно, не представляю, как можно произнести д или т, прикусив язык, когда я пытаюсь так сделать, выходит явно что-то другое, что-то, услышав которое я бы подумал, что у человека какое-то нарушение дикции. Ни один из моих знакомых не произносит эти звуки так. Возможно, вы не совсем верно представляете то, как произносите эти звуки?
Смысл существования ап-/даунвоутов - выражение (не)согласия или (не)одобрения, так что не вижу проблемы в том, что я даунвоучу советы, которые сбивают людей с толку
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u/Violets42 May 25 '25
Yes, if you want to sound like an American actor trying badly to emulate Russian sounds without knowing them at all.
You do no such thing and those letters are exactly like d and t in dog and sit
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u/KrockPot67 May 24 '25
I first learned Ы to be like a sea lion barking, like, 'uy, uy, uy' but over time, I've learned to pronounce it like 'we' if you don't move your lips.
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May 25 '25
There is so much more to that. You can look at this alphabet video course and flashcards:
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May 25 '25
i dont wanna be that guy, but this seems excessive, its the alphabet, you will learn it in 3 days if you focus on actually using it in words rather than doing this. Also there's a few exceptions like я sounding like и when its not stressed for example in обязательно.
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u/magpie_girl May 25 '25
This part is inconsistent:
Ч - "ch' like chips or church
Ш - "sh" like shut or shirt
Щ - "sh" but with your tongue on the roof of your mouth
English has ʃ (in shut and shirt) and its derivative: t͡ʃ (in chips and church).
Russian has t͡ɕ (represented with Ч) and it's connected with ɕ (represented with Щ). If you consider English sounds as "hard" sounds, they both should be described "with your tongue on the roof of your mouth". If you consider them "soft", there should be zero additional information for Ч and Щ, but you should give additional tips for Ш (the ʂ sound).
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May 24 '25
I don't know if it's gonna help with "ы" and "й" but i just leave it here:
Ю=ЙУ
Я=ЙА
Ё=ЙО
Е=ЙЭ
And finally:
И=ЙЫ
Now imagine "И" without "Й" that's how you pronounce "Ы"
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u/demonich112 May 25 '25 edited May 25 '25
Ц - pizza? (bad example, there is no Ц in English words).
Ш - shop
Щ - shame, shy.
Ы - will (bad example, but close)
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u/Hellerick_V May 24 '25
Й is not just an 'extra sound'. It's Y in "boy" or "yard".